自考“英语(二)”完整讲义(99)
5.The system of elections makes it easy for the major parties to maintain their dominant position, because they are likely to win more than their share of the offices. (para.4)
句中 it 是形式宾语,不定式to maintain their dominant position 是实际宾语,the major parties是不定式的逻辑主语。
“这种选举制度使大党容易保持优势地位,因为他们赢得的席位有可能多于应得到的席位。”
One of the great consequences of the system is that it produces majorities automatically. Because there are only two competitors in the running, it is almost inevitable that one will receive a majority. Moreover, he system tends slightly to exaggerate the victory of the winning party. This is not always true, but the strong tendency to produce majorities is built into the system.
In over 200 years of constitutional history, Americans have learned much about the way in which the system can be managed so as to make possible the peaceful transfer of power from one party to the other.⑥ At he level of presidential elections, the party in power has been overturned by the party out of power nineteen times, almost once a decade. In the election of 1860, the political system broke down, and the Civil War, the worst disaster in American history, resulted. Our history justifies our confidence in the system but also shows that it is not foolproof.
6.In over 200 years of constitutional history, Americans have learned much about the way in which the system can be managed so as to make possible the peaceful transfer of power from one party to the other. (para.6)
句中的in which 引导的定语从句,修饰the way.
其中,the peaceful transfer of power from one party to the other 是make 的宾语,possible 是宾语补语;因宾语太长,所以后置。to make … possible 使…成为可能
e.g. His financial support made our trips possible. 他在经济方面的支持使我们的出行成为可能。
Modern technology makes possible human‘s visits to the outer space. 现代科技使人类访问外层空间成为可能。
The second major party is able to survive a defeat because the statistical tendency that exaggerates the victory of the winning party operates even more strongly in favor of the second party against the third, fourth, and fifth parties.⑦ As a result, the defeated major party is able to maintain a monopoly of the opposition. The advantage of the second party over the third is so great it is the only party that is likely to be able to overturn the party in power.⑧ It is able, there fore, to attract the support of everyone seriously opposed to the party in power. ⑨The second party is important as long as it can monopolize the movement to overthrow the party in power, because it is certain to come into power sooner or later.
7.The second major party is able to survive a defeat because the statistical tendency that exaggerates the victory of the winning party operates even more strongly in favor of the second party against the third, forth, and fifth parties.(para.7)
句子的主干是:主句+because 引导的原因状语从句,原因状语从句中有一个定语从句,由that引导,修饰the statistical tendency
8.The advantage of the second party over the third is so great that it is the only party that is likely to be able to overturn the party in power. (para.7)
英语中表示“比… 有优势”可用“advantage over …。”
e.g. We have one advantage over our rivals: our player are taller. 我们比对方胜过一筹,我们的队员个子比较高。
9.It is able, therefore, to attract the support of everyone seriously opposed to the party
in power.(para.7)
to oppose to the party in power 反对执政党
Another consequence of the two-party system is that whereas minor parties are likely to identify themselves with special interests or special programs and thus take extreme positions, the major parties are so large that they tend to be moderate.⑩ Evidence of the moderation of the major parties is that much business is conducted across party lines. What happens when the Democrats control one house of Congress and the Republicans control the other? About the same volume of legislation is passed as when one party controls both houses, although some important legislation is likely to be blocked temporarily. It is possible to carry on the work of the government even when party control is divided because party differences are not fundamental.
10.Another consequence of the two-party system is that whereas minor parties are likely to identify themselves with special interests or special programs and thus take extreme positions, the major parties are so large that they tend to be moderate.
本句的主干为“主句+ that 引导的表语从句”,表语从句较长,是由whereas引导的一个并列句。本句意思是:“两党制的另一个结果是小党很可能认同某种特殊利益或特殊计划而采取极端立场,而大党则因为如此庞大,所以倾向于中庸之道。”
语法 练习
补充语法知识:动名词的用法
动名词相当于名词,在句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语
一、作主语
Forgetting the past means betrayal.
There is no joking about such matters.
It is no use waiting here.
二、作宾语
1.作及物动词的宾语:一些及物动词后边要求跟动名词作宾语(参看上册P284)
例如:practice, enjoy, appreciate, suggest, excuse, pardon, avoid, postpone,
delay, mind, admit, risk, miss, deny, resist,
You should practice speaking the language every day.
【自考“英语(二)”完整讲义(99)】相关文章:
★ 自考《高等数学(一)》真题练习:定积分的几何意义(12.08)
★ 自考《高等数学(一)》真题练习:边际成本计算(2.29)
热点推荐:
公共课
- 2020-11-17【公共课】自考《概率论与数理统计(经管类)》真题练习:二项分布的概率
- 2020-11-17【公共课】自学考试高等数学(工本)模拟试卷第一部分
- 2020-11-17【公共课】自学考试高等数学(工本)模拟试卷第二部分
- 2020-11-17【公共课】自学考试高等数学(工本)模拟试卷参考答案
- 2020-11-17【公共课】2012年10月自考时事政治考前练习(1)
- 2020-11-17【公共课】2012年10月自考时事政治考前练习(2)
- 2020-11-17【公共课】2012年10月自考时事政治考前练习(3)
- 2020-11-17【公共课】2012年10月自考时事政治考前练习(4)
其他最新资讯
- 2023-12-29【自考政策】广西自考网络助学平台新增61门课程
- 2020-12-04【免考问题】哪些证书可以免考自考相关课程?
- 2020-12-04【免考问题】自考免考有哪些条件?
- 2020-12-04【综合问题】自考本科文凭有用吗?
- 2020-12-04【综合问题】自考本科需要考多少门课?
- 2020-11-17【综合问题】江苏省高等教育自学考试网上报名常见问题及解答
- 2020-11-17【经济学】2012年自考“中国税制”笔记串讲(8)
- 2020-11-17【自考政策】全国自考办领导:未来自考将大力发展网络助学
网友关注
- 【自考报名】2015年4月宜昌自考网上报名现场确认考生须知
- 【自考报名】2015年4月浙江湖州自考报名时间
- 【自考报名】2015年4月广东自学考试在线报考已开放
- 【自考报名】2015年4月北京自考委托开考专业注册、报考安排一览表
- 【自考报名】2015年4月宁夏高等教育自学考试报考简章
- 【自考报名】2015年4月嘉兴自学考试报名通告
- 【自考报名】2015年4月乌鲁木齐市自考报名时间安排
- 【自考报名】2015年4月肇庆自考报名时间延长通知
网友关注视频
- 冀教版小学英语四年级下册Lesson2授课视频
- 第12章 圆锥曲线_12.7 抛物线的标准方程_第一课时(特等奖)(沪教版高二下册)_T274713
- 【部编】人教版语文七年级下册《逢入京使》优质课教学视频+PPT课件+教案,安徽省
- 第4章 幂函数、指数函数和对数函数(下)_六 指数方程和对数方程_4.7 简单的指数方程_第一课时(沪教版高一下册)_T1566237
- 人教版二年级下册数学
- 外研版英语三起5年级下册(14版)Module3 Unit1
- 冀教版英语三年级下册第二课
- 8.练习八_第一课时(特等奖)(苏教版三年级上册)_T142692