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自考“英语（二）”完整讲义（100）

2.作介词的宾语

例如： be used to， become used to， get used to， look forward to，

A minor-party or independent candidate can draw votes away from the major-party nominees but stands almost no chance of defeating them.

三、作表语

表示抽象事物和一般行为，即：将一个动作看成一个事物

例如： One easily monitored rhythm is palm sweating.

My job is teaching.

（对比现在分词作表语，只起描述作用，相当于形容词，而且多数与心理状态有关。例如：

Interesting， exciting， surprising， understanding…）

四、作定语

表示被修饰的名词的功能、用途，放在所修饰的名词前

例如：drinking water， washing machine， running shoes， drawing paper， working method

（对比现在分词作定语，和它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系，例如：

singing girl， walking man， running water， sleeping child， working people

五、动名词复合结构

动名词前边也可以加上表示行为的主体，成为动名词的逻辑主语

例如： What is the use of my doing that？

Nothing can stop me trying again.

Do you mind John driving you home？

04年10月考题中，词形变化题

Either of these factors could account for some individuals being （be）able to do well using inefficient methods.

being 是动名词，some individuals是逻辑主语，using inefficient methods. 是状语

account for：解释…的原因，

这两种因素中哪一种都能解释某些人用效率不高的方法都能学得很好。

Unit 10 练习

一、词汇英译汉：

1.election 2.vote 3.certainty 4.loyalty 5.decline

6.democrat 7.strategy 8.pursue 9.impact 10.headquarters

11.economy 12.stir 13.congress 14.representative

to identify…as impact on

二、句子英译汉：

1.Candidates try to project a strong leadership image. （para.4）

2.Whether voters accept this image， however， depends more on external factors than on a candidate‘s personal characteristics. （para. 4）

此句注意主语从句作主语。

3.A year later， with the nation‘s economy in trouble， Bush’s approval rating dropped below 40 percent.

4.Candidates are particularly concerned with winning the states which have the largest population.

5.Clinton received only 43 percent of the popular vote in 1992， compared with Bush‘s 38 percent and Perot’s 19 percent.

6.In deciding whether to pursue a course of action， they try to estimate its likely impact on the voters.

7.Warren G. Harding accepted the 1920 Republican nomination at his Ohio home， stayed there throughout most of the campaign， and won a full victory simply because most of the voters of his time were Republicans.

8.“The Economy， Stupid.”The slogan was the idea of James Carville， Clinton‘s chief strategist， and was meant as a reminder to the candidate and the staff to keep the campaign focused on the nation’s slow-moving economy， which ultimately was the issue that defeated Bush.

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